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2.5 主要BIM設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)總覽
我們也考慮了它們與支持BIM環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系。這些功能可同時(shí)應(yīng)用于以設(shè)計(jì)為導(dǎo)向的系統(tǒng)和用于加工的BIM設(shè)計(jì)工具。
提出這些不同功能主是要針對(duì)那些希望對(duì)可選的備用系統(tǒng)做初級(jí)的評(píng)價(jià)和評(píng)估的人,以便在項(xiàng)目、工作室或企業(yè)內(nèi)部做出明智的抉擇。該抉擇影響著生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐、互操作性并在某種程度上影響著一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)單位承接特殊類型項(xiàng)目的能力。
我們?cè)谶m用性的三個(gè)層面上整理重要的特性:(誠(chéng)如在第2.4節(jié)中所定義的)作為一個(gè)工具、作為一個(gè)平臺(tái)以及作為一種環(huán)境。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,沒(méi)有一款應(yīng)用程序能夠單獨(dú)理想地應(yīng)用于所有類型的項(xiàng)目。理想的做法是,一個(gè)組織宜擁有并支持多種平臺(tái),對(duì)特定類型的項(xiàng)目可在平臺(tái)之間移動(dòng)。有些(功能)只支持不同應(yīng)用程序之間的互通;其它則可以支持與特定加工商和顧問(wèn)之間的協(xié)作。加工商不太需要多種BIM平臺(tái)。
將BIM設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用程序作為一項(xiàng)工具和/或一個(gè)平臺(tái)來(lái)采用,是一項(xiàng)重大任務(wù)。后續(xù)章節(jié)中還會(huì)就這一話題展開(kāi)討論,特別是第五章中設(shè)計(jì)和工程方面的應(yīng)用,第六章中承包商在施工管理方面的應(yīng)用,第七章中加工商的應(yīng)用。它們也支持在BIM環(huán)境中對(duì)其本身進(jìn)行管理(如第三章所述)。有關(guān)應(yīng)用程序的抉擇包括理解新技術(shù)、所需的新的組織技能以及學(xué)習(xí)并管理這些技能。這些挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)隨著時(shí)間進(jìn)行而減少,因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)曲線和圍繞著B(niǎo)IM應(yīng)用的實(shí)踐會(huì)在實(shí)踐中變得愈發(fā)根深蒂固。由于BIM設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用程序的功能正在迅速變化,在AECBytes、Catalyst或其它AEC計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)類期刊和諸如LinkedIn這類合作網(wǎng)站上閱讀最新軟件版本的評(píng)論內(nèi)容很重要。在提供基于對(duì)象的參數(shù)化建模的通用框架內(nèi),BIM設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用程序包含很多不同種類的功能,其中一些是在工具層面上,還有些是在平臺(tái)層面上。我們?cè)贐IM系統(tǒng)環(huán)境層面上,用對(duì)這些應(yīng)用程序支持點(diǎn)的評(píng)論來(lái)區(qū)分其作為工具和平臺(tái)使用的相關(guān)問(wèn)題。
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2.5 OVERVIEW OF THE MAJOR BIM DESIGN PLATFORMS
In this p, we summarize the major functional and performance capabili- ties that distinguish different BIM platforms, considered as having both tool and platform functionality, as presented in earlier ps of this chapter. We also consider them in relation to their supporting a BIM environment. The capabili- ties apply to both design-oriented systems as well as fabrication BIM design tools. These distinguishing capabilities are proposed for those wishing to under- take a first-level review and assessment of alternative systems, so as to make a well-informed decision within the project, office, or enterprise. The choice affects production practices, interoperability, and to some degree, the functional capabilities of a design organization to do particular types of projects.
We organize the important features at three levels of applicability: as a tool, as a platform, and as an environment, as defined in Section 2.4.We emphasize that no one application will be ideal for all types of projects. Ideally, an organization would have several platforms that it supports and moves between for specific projects. Some uniquely support communication between different applications; others may support collaboration with a particular fabricator or consultant. Fabricators are less likely to need multiple platforms.
Adopting a BIM design application, as a tool and/or platform, is a significant undertaking. Adoption is also discussed in later chapters, especially regarding their intended use, for design and engineering in Chapter 5, for contractors and construction management in Chapter 6, and for fabricators in Chapter 7. They are also considered for their support of being managed within a BIM environment, as developed in Chapter 3. Decisions about applications involve understanding new technologies, the new organizational skills needed, and then learning and managing those skills. These challenges will recede over time, as the learning curve and practices surrounding BIM use become more ingrained in practice. Because the functionality of BIM design applications is changing quickly, it is important to look at reviews of the current versions in AECBytes, Catalyst, or other AEC CAD journals and collaboration sites such as LinkedIn. Within the common framework of providing object-based parametric modeling, BIM design applications embody many different kinds of capabilities, some at the tool and some at the platform levels. We discriminate the issues associated with their use as a tool and as a platform, with comments about their support at the BIM system environment level.
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