▲ 項(xiàng)目視頻? ?Lukas Schmid

改造設(shè)計(jì) gmp

項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn) 中國(guó)北京

建成時(shí)間 2016年

本文文字由gmp提供。

本項(xiàng)目開(kāi)始時(shí)，中國(guó)對(duì)既有建筑的更新和功能改造仍處于起步階段。在這方面，尤其是對(duì)于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)騰飛時(shí)期的建筑設(shè)計(jì)而言，CHAO酒店的改造是一個(gè)開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的項(xiàng)目。酒店塔樓的外立面展示了一種低調(diào)而永恒的魅力。擴(kuò)展的裙房為新功能打造了多樣化的空間，同時(shí)也與周邊環(huán)境建立了新的連接方式。

When this project began, the concept of refurbishing and repurposing existing buildings in China was still in its infancy. Within this context, the conversion of the Chao Hotel is a pioneering project, particularly for the architecture of China’s boom years. The facades give the hotel tower’s original character a subtle and timeless aesthetic. The expanded base provides a varied spatial landscape for the new functions and also establishes new relationships with its immediate surroundings.

1990年—2011年

隨著中國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放，北京三里屯地區(qū)在20世紀(jì)80年代末和90年代成了一個(gè)受人喜愛(ài)的夜生活區(qū)。北京城市賓館于1990年開(kāi)業(yè)，是該地區(qū)最早的高層建筑之一。盡管它位于貫穿該區(qū)東西主軸線——工人體育場(chǎng)路的第二排商業(yè)建筑后面，但80米的高度使它從周圍低矮的建筑中凸顯而出，引人注目。呈三角形的建筑平面和淺色抹灰外墻中深色條窗貫通立面，幾乎象征性地表達(dá)了新的以美國(guó)現(xiàn)代建筑為主的影響和中國(guó)“高速城市化”的開(kāi)端。

When China opened up to the West in the late 1980s and the 1990s, the Sanlitun quarter in Beijing became a favorite nightlife district. The Beijing City Hotel opened its doors in 1990 as one of the first high-rises in the quarter. Eighty meters tall, it towered dramatically over its significantly shorter surroundings, calling attention to itself even though it occupied a secondary position behind a series of commercial buildings along Gongrenti Yuchang Road, the major east–west axis through the quarter. With its triangular footprint and generic facade consisting of dark window strips in light-colored plaster, it was a symbolic expression of new and primarily American influences and the nascent “highspeed urbanism” in China.

幾年來(lái)，它一直是工人體育場(chǎng)以東街區(qū)唯一的高層建筑。直到世紀(jì)之交，它周圍才陸續(xù)出現(xiàn)了一系列其他高層建筑。與此同時(shí)，城市賓館也開(kāi)始走下坡路。該酒店在2011年出售時(shí)幾乎還保持著1990年的原貌，主要是外墻亟待翻新，而鋼筋混凝土的核心部分則仍保持完好狀態(tài)。

For several years, it remained the only high-rise on the blocks east of the Workers’ Stadium. It wasn’t until around the turn of the century that a whole series of additional skyscrapers came to surround it. At the same time, the City Hotel was declining. When the hotel was sold in 2011, its condition was still almost completely that of its original state from 1990. It was mainly the facades that were in urgent need of refurbishment. The reinforced concrete core was still in good shape.

2012年—2016年

該項(xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)委托最初只限于新立面的設(shè)計(jì)。而我們很快與業(yè)主就項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)達(dá)成了一致：酒店在參差錯(cuò)雜的環(huán)境中不應(yīng)竭力拔高自己，試圖壓倒其他高層建筑，而是應(yīng)以其低調(diào)內(nèi)斂和穩(wěn)重沉靜給人留下深刻印象，即在嘈雜的環(huán)境中營(yíng)造一個(gè)寧?kù)o的港灣。

The project started out as a limited commission for designing a new facade. We quickly came to an agreement with the client about the project’s goals. In the extremely heterogeneous environment, the hotel shouldn’t drown out the other high-rises with its own turned-up volume, but should captivate through subtle restraint and a quiet timelessness — a calm anchor in a hectic storm.

我們將建筑主體結(jié)構(gòu)完整保留下來(lái)，在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了一種材料和形式上都較為簡(jiǎn)潔、沉穩(wěn)而又多層次的外立面。幕墻單元由淺灰色玻璃纖維混凝土和灰色有色玻璃組成，它們不間斷地交替排列，以建筑平面為基礎(chǔ)，形成三角形的折疊式立面。憑借折疊式立面，室內(nèi)視線從側(cè)面避開(kāi)相鄰建筑，直望城市遠(yuǎn)景。從外部觀看，新的立面為建筑營(yíng)造了虛實(shí)交替變化豐富的外觀：根據(jù)視角不同，它看起來(lái)時(shí)而幾乎是封閉的，時(shí)而又幾乎是完全通透的。由于玻璃纖維混凝土重量輕，新幕墻可以毫無(wú)問(wèn)題地安裝在主體結(jié)構(gòu)上。我們根據(jù)原有建筑的特點(diǎn)（如三角形平面）直接演繹了立面，并通過(guò)塑形手法將其打造成為新的建筑。

Based on the structures of the shell, which we retained in their entirety, we developed a multifaceted facade that is understated and serene in its material and form. Curtain wall elements in light-gray glass fiber reinforced concrete alternate with graytinted glass panels as a folded facade that forms triangles referencing the building’s footprint. From the interior, the folded effect directs the viewer’s gaze beyond the neighboring buildings to the city skyline. On the outside, the new envelope causes a constant shift in the building’s appearance.? Depending on the viewing angle, it sometimes looks completely closed and sometimes almost completely transparent. Thanks to the low weight of the glass fiber reinforced concrete, the new facades were easily attached to the shell. We derived the facade design directly from the properties of the existing building, such as the triangular ground plan, and yet we made it into something new in an architectural metamorphosis.

此后，業(yè)主擴(kuò)大了我們的設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)范圍。我們?yōu)檫@座高層建筑設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)裙房，形成與周圍的城市空間銜接的新過(guò)渡。在西側(cè)和南側(cè)，一座10米高的玻璃纖維混凝土柱廊將建筑圍合起來(lái)，由此將客人從大街引來(lái)主入口。在南側(cè)，柱廊框合了酒店餐廳外側(cè)的開(kāi)放式綠化庭院。

Meanwhile, the client had expanded our commission. We designed a base for the high-rise that provided new passageways to the surrounding urban space. A 10-meterhigh, glass fiber reinforced concrete colonnade on the west and south sides frames the building and guides visitors from the major road to the main entrance. To the south, an open and planted courtyard surrounded by colonnades is situated in front of the hotel restaurant.

業(yè)主希望將CHAO酒店打造成一座集酒店、藝術(shù)和文化中心于一體的全新建筑類型，因此我們共同開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)擁有不同公共功能的集群：在餐廳旁和柱廊內(nèi)設(shè)有各種空間，可以舉辦展覽、影視、商業(yè)、讀書(shū)會(huì)和音樂(lè)會(huì)等活動(dòng)。含有醒目蘑菇形結(jié)構(gòu)柱的原兩層地下停車庫(kù)改造成為畫(huà)廊空間。在裙房的頂層，我們還設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)游泳池和一個(gè)額外的活動(dòng)空間，即“日光禮堂”，其屋頂截面由三角形的弧形玻璃組成。這一用房為團(tuán)隊(duì)會(huì)議、公司聚會(huì)或婚禮等小型活動(dòng)提供了絕妙的空間尺度，也是許多客人在社交媒體上分享活動(dòng)照片的熱門(mén)拍照主題——這對(duì)于當(dāng)今中國(guó)活動(dòng)舉辦空間是一個(gè)重要的方面。今天，我們將該項(xiàng)目視為我們?cè)谥袊?guó)進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，它引發(fā)了觀念上的轉(zhuǎn)變，這就是將改建工作視為一種符合實(shí)際需要的、建筑設(shè)計(jì)上極具吸引力的方案，來(lái)代替全新的建造。

The client wanted the Chao Hotel to become a brand-new type that combines a hotel with an art and cultural center. Together, we developed a cluster consisting of diverse public functions. Space is provided for exhibitions, film presentations, boutiques, lectures, and concerts within the colonnades next to the restaurant. A two-story level with distinctive mushroom columns in the former underground parking garage were turned into gallery spaces. On the base’s top level, we installed a pool and an additional event space known as the “Glasshouse” with a curved glass roof that has a triangular profile. This space is the perfect size for smaller events like team meetings, corporate parties, or weddings, and is a favorite photo motif for many guests who post images of their events on social media — an important consideration for event spaces in today’s China. Today, we see this project as a turning point for our activities in China, the onset of a change in thinking that recognizes conversion as a realistic and architecturally attractive alternative to new construction.

項(xiàng)目信息

CHAO酒店

中國(guó)北京

2016年

業(yè)主：CHAO酒店

原北京城市賓館，1990年建成

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